how natural gas produce
The natural gas that we use to heat our homes and our water comes
from deep under the earth.
The gas is found in layers of rock with tiny holes - the rock holds
the gas like a sponge. To bring it to the surface, gas companies drill down
hundreds of feet and pump into pipes.
But how did the natural gas get there?
You already know that dinosaurs roamed the earth millions of years
ago.
When the dinosaurs and the plants they ate died, the remains were
buried under many layers of rock and soil.
Over time, the tremendous heat and pressure created by the layers of
earth turned the animal and plant matter into natural gas and petroleum (oil).
That's why natural gas is called a "fossil fuel.”
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Drilling for natural gas process
Drilling for natural gas process
The process of getting natural gas out of the
ground, and to its final destination to be used, is a complicated one. There is
a great deal of behind-the-scenes activity that goes into delivering natural
gas to your home, even though it takes only the flick of a switch to turn it
on. This section provides an overview of the processes that allow the natural
gas industry to get their product out of the ground, and transform it into the
natural gas that is used in your homes and in industry.
.
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How natural gas is extracted ?
How natural gas is extracted?
Once a potential natural gas deposit has been
located by a team of exploration geologists and geophysicists, it is up to a
team of drilling experts to dig down to where the natural gas is thought to
exist. This section will describe the process of drilling for natural gas, both
onshore and offshore. Although the process of digging deep into the Earth's
crust to find deposits of natural gas that may or may not actually exist seems
daunting, the industry has developed a number of innovations and techniques
that both decrease the cost and increase the efficiency of drilling for natural
gas. Advancements in technology have contributed greatly to the increased
efficiency and success rate for drilling natural gas wells.
Determining whether to drill a well depends on a variety of factors, including the economic potential of the hoped-for natural gas reservoir. It costs a great deal of money for exploration and production companies to search and drill for natural gas, and there is always the inherent risk that no natural gas will be found.
The exact placement of the drill site depends
on many factors, including the nature of the potential formation to be drilled,
the characteristics of the subsurface geology, and the depth and size of the
target deposit. After the geophysical team identifies the optimal location for
a well, it is necessary for the drilling company to ensure that it completes
all the necessary steps so that it can legally drill in that area. This usually
involves securing permits for the drilling operations, establishment of a legal
arrangement to allow the natural gas company to extract and sell the resources
under a given area of land, and a design for gathering lines that will connect
the well to the pipeline.
Source: Anadarko Petroleum Corporation
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How were they formed ?
How were they formed?
Over time, the layers of rocks in the Earth's
crust move and may become squashed and folded. Gas and oil may move through
porous rocks and may even come to the surface. In some places, pockets of oil
and gas can be found, because non-porous rocks have trapped them
.
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